- Impact of copper-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions in natural product synthesis: the emergence of new retrosynthetic paradigms.
Impact of copper-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions in natural product synthesis: the emergence of new retrosynthetic paradigms.
Natural product reports (2013-10-25)
Gwilherm Evano, Cédric Theunissen, Alexandre Pradal
PMID24154547
ABSTRACT
Copper-catalyzed Ullmann-Goldberg-type cross-coupling reactions have undergone nothing short of a renaissance over the last decade and an impressive number of procedures are now available for the formation of C-N, C-O and C-S bonds with remarkable efficiencies and surgical precision. These reactions have been recently integrated into natural product synthesis, which clearly resulted in the emergence of new retrosynthetic paradigms and bond disconnections. The impact of copper-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions in natural product synthesis will be overviewed in this article with an emphasis on the evolution of strategies due to copper catalysis, mostly by comparison with alternative tactics and their relative efficiencies.
MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description
Copper, insulated wire, 50m, conductor diameter 0.125mm, insulation thickness 0.01mm, polyimide insulation, 99.99%
Copper, insulated wire, 1m, conductor diameter 0.018mm, insulation thickness 0.005mm, polyurethane insulation, 99.99%
Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.1mm, half hard, 99.95+%
Copper, insulated wire, 100m, conductor diameter 0.24mm, insulation thickness 0.25mm, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) insulation
Copper - O.F.H.C., wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.95+%
Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.5mm, half hard, 99.95+%
Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.1mm, half hard, 99.95+%
Copper, insulated wire, 20m, conductor diameter 0.125mm, insulation thickness 0.002mm, 2 micron polyesterimide insulation, 99.9%
Copper, insulated wire, 5m, conductor diameter 0.7mm, insulation thickness 0.01mm, polyurethane insulation
Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 300x300mm, thickness 0.25mm, half hard, 99.95+%
Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 10m coil, thickness 0.010mm, coil width 25mm, hard, 99.95+%
Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.05mm, annealed, 99.95+%
Copper, insulated wire, 5m, conductor diameter 0.5mm, insulation thickness 0.025mm, polyimide insulation, 99.99%
Copper, mesh, 300x300mm, nominal aperture 0.38mm, wire diameter 0.25mm, 40x40 wires/inch, open area 37%, plain weave mesh
Copper, insulated wire, 1m, conductor diameter 0.45mm, insulation thickness 0.25mm, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) insulation
Copper, insulated wire, 100m, conductor diameter 0.5mm, insulation thickness 0.06mm, polyimide insulation
Copper, rod, 100mm, diameter 8.0mm, as drawn, 99.99+%
Copper, rod, 100mm, diameter 9.5mm, hard, 99.9%
Copper, insulated wire, 50m, conductor diameter 0.45mm, insulation thickness 0.25mm, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) insulation
Copper, insulated wire, 20m, conductor diameter 0.45mm, insulation thickness 0.25mm, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) insulation
Copper, mesh, 150x150mm, nominal aperture 0.14mm, thickness 0.25mm, wire diameter 0.115mm, 100x100 wires/inch, open area 30.3%, plain weave mesh
Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.1mm, hard, 99.95+%
Copper, mesh, 260x260mm, nominal aperture 0.2mm, thickness 0.004mm, wire diameter 0.0125mm, 118 wires/inch, open area 88%, electro-formed mesh
Copper, insulated wire, 50m, conductor diameter 0.1mm, insulation thickness 0.005mm, polyurethane insulation, 99.9%
Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 300x300mm, thickness 0.1mm, hard, 99.95+%
Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 10m coil, thickness 0.025mm, hard, 99.95+%
Copper, microfoil, disks, 10mm, thinness 0.5μm, specific density 448μg/cm2, permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.99+%
Copper, insulated wire, 250m, conductor diameter 0.05mm, insulation thickness 0.002mm, 2 micron polyesterimide insulation, 99.9%
Copper, insulated wire, 200m, conductor diameter 0.125mm, insulation thickness 0.01mm, polyimide insulation, 99.99%
Copper, insulated wire, 5m, conductor diameter 0.24mm, insulation thickness 0.25mm, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) insulation