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Merck

S0532

Strychnine

Glycine receptor antagonist

Synonym(s):

(−)-Strychnine

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C21H22N2O2
CAS Number:
57-24-9
Molecular Weight:
334.41
NACRES:
NA.54
PubChem Substance ID:
24899441
UNSPSC Code:
12352210
EC Number:
200-319-7
MDL number:
MFCD00005941
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:
52979
Quality level:
200

Key Documents

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Product Name

Strychnine,

Quality Level

200

mp

284-286 °C (lit.)

solubility

chloroform: soluble, clear to hazy

SMILES string

[H][C@@]12CC(=O)N3c4ccccc4[C@]56CC[N@H]7CC(=CCO1)[C@]([H])(C[C@@H]57)[C@]2([H])[C@]36[H]

InChI

1S/C21H22N2O2/c24-18-10-16-19-13-9-17-21(6-7-22(17)11-12(13)5-8-25-16)14-3-1-2-4-15(14)23(18)20(19)21/h1-5,13,16-17,19-20H,6-11H2/t13-,16-,17-,19-,20-,21+/m0/s1

InChI key

QMGVPVSNSZLJIA-FVWCLLPLSA-N

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General description

Strychnine is a colorless, odourless and bitter tasting powder. It is absorbed in skin, gastrointestinaland respiratory tract. Strychnine generates oxides of nitrogen and carbon on decomposition.
Strychnine is a glycine receptor antagonist not associated with the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. It is an alkaloid extracted from Strychnos nux vomica seeds.

Application

Strychnine has been used as a glycine receptors antagonist in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal and rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) neurons. It has also been used as type C glycine receptor antagonist in direction selective (DS) retinal cells.
Strychnine has been used in antagonist profiling to characterize a novel nicotinic receptor in Aplysia neuroendocrine cells.

Biochem/physiol Actions

At low doses, strychnine is used for circulatory problems, gastrointestinal disorders and eye diseases.
Strychnine is used as a rodenticide and a glycine receptor antagonist, which inhibits Renshaw cell-motor neuron synapse. It binds to the α subunit N-terminal region of the glycine receptor. The effect of strychnine is neutralized in the presence of glycine receptor agonist ivermectin. Strychnine also inhibits leukocyte motility.
Convulsant; glycine receptor antagonist not associated with the NMDA receptor.

pictograms

Skull and crossbonesEnvironment
GHS06,GHS09

signalword

Danger

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 1 Dermal - Acute Tox. 1 Oral - Aquatic Acute 1 - Aquatic Chronic 1

Storage Class

6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 / very toxic hazardous materials

wgk

WGK 2

ppe

Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves, type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges

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Spatiotemporally asymmetric excitation supports mammalian retinal motion sensitivity
Matsumoto A, et al.
Current Biology, 29(19) (2019)
In vivo protection against strychnine toxicity in mice by the glycine receptor agonist ivermectin
Maher A, et al.
BioMed Research International (2014)
Glycine-gated chloride channels in neutrophils attenuate calcium influx and superoxide production
WHEELER M, et al.
Faseb Journal, 14(3), 476-484 (2000)
A brainstem-spinal cord inhibitory circuit for mechanical pain modulation by GABA and enkephalins
Franccois A, et al.
Neuron, 93(4), 822-839 (2017)
Preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers for strychnine by precipitation polymerization and multistep swelling and polymerization and their application for the selective extraction of strychnine from nux-vomica extract powder.
Nakamura Y
Journal of Separation Science, 39(8), 1542-1550 (2016)
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