B2629
Betaine
From sugar beets, ≥98% (perchloric acid titration), choline metabolite, powder or crystals
Synonym(s):
(Carboxymethyl)trimethylammonium inner salt, Oxyneurine, Trimethylglycine
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About This Item
Linear Formula:
(CH3)3N+CH2COO-
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
117.15
NACRES:
NA.77
PubChem Substance ID:
UNSPSC Code:
12352202
EC Number:
203-490-6
MDL number:
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:
3537113
Product Name
Betaine, ≥98% (perchloric acid titration)
biological source
sugar beets
Quality Level
assay
≥98% (perchloric acid titration)
form
powder or crystals
mp
310 °C (dec.)
solubility
water: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless to faintly yellow
storage temp.
2-8°C
SMILES string
C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O
InChI
1S/C5H11NO2/c1-6(2,3)4-5(7)8/h4H2,1-3H3
InChI key
KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
General description
Betaine is a quaternary ammonium zwitterion, extensively present in animals, plants and microorganisms. It also forms a good dietary source as it is found in wheat, spinach, shellfish and sugar beets. Betaine is a methyl derivative of the amino acid glycine. It is known by different names such as trimethylglycine, glycine betaine, lycine and oxyneurine.
Application
Betaine has been used to study the effects of antioxidants on regrowth from cryopreservation.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Apart from betaine taking part in transmethylation, it acts as an organic osmolyte in protecting cells under stress. This is being significantly observed in plants and microorganisms. Betaine is also known to increase the levels of S-adenosylmethionine and thus this might reduce the effects of hepatic steatosis.
End-product of oxidative metabolism of choline, betaine is a general methyl donor, in particular in a minor pathway of methionine biosynthesis. It is used to treat homocystinuria, which is a defect in the major pathway of methionine biosynthesis.
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Storage Class
11 - Combustible Solids
flash_point_f
Not applicable
flash_point_c
Not applicable
ppe
Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)
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