Tyramine hydrochloride

Tyramine hydrochloride has been:

• coinfused with adenosine in control subjects and patients in order to reduce leg blood flow by 50% without affecting arterial blood pressure
• labelled with fluorescence dyes (Atto 488 and Atto 655) to serve as a substrate for peroxidase in immunofluorescence analysis
• used in dimethylformamide, labelled with 5-(and-6)carboxyfluorescein, succinimidyl ester/biotin to serve as a substrate for peroxidase in tyramide signal amplification

Can enter catecholaminergic terminals and be released as a false transmitter.

Tyramine is a biogenic amine and a neuromodulator localized to the nervous system. Tyrosine decarboxylase catalysis the formation of tyramine from tyrosine. Tyramine is found to be associated with a number of psychiatric disorders. Tyramine ingestion depletes serotonin, epinephrine and norepinephrine reserves. This results in elevated biological events such as cardiovascular function, blood pressure, glucose production and overall metabolism. It also causes depression, migraine and insomnia. Tyramine is present is several food sources. The process of food fermentation and spoilage increases its tyramine content.